error importing vector file into grass gis

#Error importing vector file into grass gis series

A shapefile is created by 3 or more files, all of which must retain the same NAME and be stored in the same file directory, in order for you to be able to work with them. While text files often are self contained (one CSV) is composed of one unique file, many spatial formats are composed of several files. More about shapefiles can found on Wikipedia.For example, a line shapefile that contains the locations of streams, might contain the associated stream name, stream “order” and other information about each stream line object. Objects stored in a shapefile often have a set of associated attributes that describe the data. You will not find a mixture of point, line and polygon objects in a single shapefile. Because the structure of points, lines, and polygons are different, each individual shapefile can only contain one vector type (all points, all lines or all polygons). Geospatial data in vector format are often stored in a shapefile format. However, these boundaries, when represented as a line, will not create a closed object with a defined “area” that can be “filled”. Image Source: Colin Williams (NEON)ĭata Tip: Sometimes, boundary layers such as states and countries, are stored as lines rather than polygons.

Each object type has a different structure. There are 3 types of vector objects: points, lines or polygons. Occasionally, a polygon can have a hole in the middle of it (like a doughnut), this is something to be aware of but not an issue you will deal with in this tutorial. Thus the outlines of plot boundaries, lakes, oceans, and states or countries are often represented by polygons. Polygons: A polygon consists of 3 or more vertices that are connected and “closed”.

#Error importing vector file into grass gis series

This line is composed of a series of segments, each “bend” in the road or stream represents a vertex that has defined x, y location. For instance, a road or a stream may be represented by a line. Lines: Lines are composed of many (at least 2) vertices, or points, that are connected. Examples of point data include: sampling locations, the location of individual trees or the location of plots. There can be many points in a vector point file. Points: Each individual point is defined by a single x, y coordinate. The organization of the vertices determines the type of vector that you are working with. Vector data are composed of discrete geometric locations (x, y values) known as vertices that define the “shape” of the spatial object. You will need a computer with internet access to complete this lesson and the spatial-vector-lidar data subset created for the course.ĭownload spatial-vector-lidar data subset (~172 MB) About Vector Data

access and view the attributes of a vector spatial layer in Python.

view the CRS and other spatial metadata of a vector spatial layer in Python.

open a shapefile in Python using geopandas - gpd.read_file.

describe the characteristics of 3 key vector data structures: points, lines and polygons.

Select both the grouped black shapes and the nature scene underneath them.Īnd choose Object > Clipping Mask > Make.After completing this tutorial, you will be able to: Put the nature scene underneath the black shapes. Select the black areas and group them if they are not already grouped. If so, if there is a white area around the black shapes, select it with the white Direct Selection tool and delete it. It sounds like you might be wanting to have the nature scene showing in the black areas of the sole. It would be helpful to see what you are trying to achieve as your final result. There is a black arrow Selection tool and a white arrow Direct Selection tool, and a white arrow with a + sign that is the Group Selection tool. Illustrator has many selection tools, but there is no 'dark direct tool' in Illustrator.

When selecting an object in Illustrator you will see a path with anchor points, not ants. 'Ant' selections are associated with Photoshop, not Illustrator.